![]() Birth asphyxia contributes to significant neonatal morbidities and mortalities due to severe hypoxic-ischemic multi-organ damage, mainly brain damage. An umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on the state of birth asphyxia in Ethiopia shows the prevalence of birth asphyxia is as high as 22.52%. In Africa, birth asphyxia is responsible for 24.0% of the newborn deaths and in Sub-Saharan Africa, birth asphyxia is accounted for 280,000 neonatal deaths. ![]() ![]() It is for this reason that the second Apgar score assessment, made at 5 min, is a better predictor of later outcomes than the Apgar score at first minute. The 5 min Apgar score may also provide an indication of a neonate’s sustained capacity to survive and thrive. On the other hand, a low Apgar score at 1 min may not necessarily mean a low Apgar score at 5 min. This means that if there is successfully resuscitation at the first minute, the Apgar score at fifth minute will be satisfactory. The first minute Apgar score may signal the need for immediate resuscitation, and the 5 min score may signal the probability of successfully resuscitation following the record the first minute Apgar score. Īpgar score is usually done to the baby twice: once at first minute after birth, and again at fifth minute after birth. a lower Apgar score indicates depressed vitality. A total score of 7‒10 is considered as “normal” while a total score of below 7 is considered as “low Apgar score”. Apgar score was estimated using five variables: strength and regularity of heart rate, lung maturity or breathing effort, muscle tone and movement, skin color or oxygenation and reflex response to irritable stimuli. The Apgar score was proposed in 1952 as a means of rapidly evaluating the clinical status of newborn infants and currently remains an accepted method for newborn infant assessment immediately after delivery. Therefore, it is important to work on identified risk factors to reduce the impacts low fifth minute Apgar score in the in early adulthood. Conclusionsįetal birth weight < 2.5 kg, skin incision to delivery time, pregnancy induced hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, type of anesthesia, meconium stained amniotic fluid and type of cesarean section were factors independently associated with Apgar score. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent effect of different factors at P < 0.05. Data was into Epidata version 4.6 and exported to SPSS software version 24. The study participants were selected by simple random sampling technique. In this study, cases were all newborns with Apgar score = 7. The data collection tool or checklist was adapted from previous study done at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The Apgar score is based on measures of heart rate, respiratory effort, skin color, muscle tone, and reflex irritability. MethodsĪn unmatched case control study design was conducted. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify determinants of low fifth minute Apgar score among newborns delivered by cesarean section. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of birth asphyxia is high (22.52%). Low fifth minute Apgar scores is more frequent and is associated with markedly increased risks of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Apgar score is used to evaluate the neonates’ overall status and response to resuscitation, as well as its prognosis beyond the neonatal period.
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